Some words which share a common root (one is derived from the other or both are derived from another word) are pronounced differently: the stress shifts to another syllable or the stressed vowel changes its quality. Sometimes this is made obvious by the spelling, cf. long - length, think - thought; in the exercise below, however, we focus on examples where the spelling is not very helpful in determining the pronunciation.
I used Tophonetics at https://tophonetics.com/
Ex. How should we pronounce the following pairs of words? Pay attention to vowel sounds and word stress.
clean - cleanliness, clear - clarity, know - knowledge, moral - morality, nation - national, photograph - photography, social - society, various - variety, wide - width
Key
/kliːn/ - /ˈklenlɪnɪs/, /klɪə/ - /ˈklærɪti/, /nəʊ/ - /ˈnɒlɪʤ/, /ˈmɒrəl/ - /məˈrælɪti/, /ˈneɪʃən/ - /ˈnæʃənl/, /ˈfəʊtəgrɑːf/ - /fəˈtɒgrəfi/, /ˈsəʊʃəl/ - /səˈsaɪəti/, /ˈveərɪəs/ - /vəˈraɪəti/, /waɪd/ - /wɪdθ/
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